The Mind Discovers

 A discovery is adding to the knowledge base

Science to oneself is a mindset, it is a way of thinking, being consistent in crucial things that matter to that science. Anybody can have a scientific mind; it is merely about accepting facts and not being a hoax to win an argument. Hoaxes are a waste of time, leave or lower your standards. But when hoaxes threaten humanity, they must be confronted by any means at your disposal, genuine scientists are not about pulling wool over peoples eyes.  

Anybody who accepts facts and extrapolates in a logical manner from those facts can discover. It is as simple as that. From a chain of facts, accepting these facts, thus the relationships that are known to be associated with these facts asking the right questions will lead to original thought, and that original thought can be investigated. Being an original thought because of an original question should at the very least lead to a different perspective on the relationships involved. At its height the right questions do not just lead to a new perspective on understanding what is known but to a discovery, and a discovery is solving a problem.

A new perspective, a discovery leads to questions been answered, even questions that nobody asked before the discovery. If that no new questions arise, it is because people are not looking for those new questions or do not know how to ask those new questions.

Mind you, discoveries can very well be a coincidence, one is not really looking for that discovery, but still a discovery should always lead to answering unanswered questions as well as raising new questions. That microwaves can cook and warm up food was an accidental discovery. But it answered questions about the nature of the photon, the nature of light, a photon is the particle that gives us light. Our eyes are photon sensors. The monopole was an accidental discovery, nobody was really looking for it except in expensive laboratories paid for by governments and defense departments, but it answered questions about magnetism.

When a biologist goes into a forest and is tallying fauna there and they realize they have discovered a species of frog or insect that previously was unknown, unasked questions are answered, what is role of this species, how did it evolve, the genes must answer the question. Accidental discoveries have just as much impact as discoveries that came out of investigation. The human knowledge base is increasing. Even an accidental discovery needs the mind, it is the mind that identifies we did not know this species, wow, this is a monopole, so the mind must still investigate with accidental discoveries. The mind must still look at relationships and realize this is a different relationship where does it fall into place.

Discovery is all about the mind, accidental or not. Let us take the role of a detective or a spy. They must discern all the facts, all the relationships involved in those facts the detective can eventually point out with some degree of confidence, that is the one who did it, this is the evidence I can provide, these are the facts I can show, these are the relationships involved that led to this murder, look here is the evidence.

A good spy will tell his commanders these are the facts, these are the relationships involved, that is the friend, and no harm should ever come to him by our hand. Given all the facts a good spy will say weapons are flowing in from people who hate us, we must declare war, all out for our survival. A good spy who is proud of their duty will never accept a kangaroo court for opponents, they will provide evidence why somebody should be hanged. A kangaroo court is pure love and hatred, screw my enemy, a good spy is above that, they must look at the relationships and provide proof against an individual or a group. Once enough proof is given, and people can make counter arguments to doubt those relationships a good spy believes then there is enough evidence to take action and take out the opponent, the right thing to do, or people will just be dying everywhere for no reason, even if you hate them, that is not justification enough, an emotion. I mean if a random person supports a theft, she is part of that group, evidence.

A good judge, something throughout history that is very rare, a judgement is made through a cultural lens, an aristocrat has always been judged differently from a commoner, an inferior or a political opponent who is in the process of overthrowing evil, usually for the same reason, theft of life and time, robbery and swindling by the elite, telling falsehoods on a grand scale is swindling the people,  limiting people as sub human, how many freedom fighters have lost their heads throughout this long 300 000-year history of humanity because of a judge. Those rare, 1 in 10 000 judges, will look at evidence, look at the facts look at the relationships.

Centuries ago, the original people of Peru before the conquests of the Spanish found a way to cure malaria, a discovery, chloroquine. This was a discovery by those people looking for a cure, if it was from the gods, it would have been known 1000’s of years ago, not centuries ago. That means people, those associated and having a relationship with the Inca people investigated and accepting facts rejected and accepted types of medicine.

When it comes to medicine, to finding a cure, it was about trail and error, this doesn’t work, this works.  The original people of Peru understood this long before the coming of Cortez an absolute destroyer, bringing the word Latino to the Inca and those around them. The Inca are not Latinos, they are not from Europe no matter how much the doctrine of Cortez has attempted to destroy them, but people obviously very much capable of discovering. These are just facts and to have a scientific mind one must accept facts, like they understand that they have to eat to get energy.

When chloroquine began losing some of effectiveness because of widespread use, other methods were used to find a cure for malaria, trial and error again, and a cure came from China. Those in China used the same methods of trail and error as those used by the those around the Inca centuries before.

It is all about accepting the facts and relationships in front of you. Obviously from trial and error, those around the Inca understood the relationships that affected the human body from plants, that is why they eventually got to chloroquine. The methods Tu Youyou used to get her more advanced cure for malaria where the same as those used by the Inca centuries before. All these ideas come from a mind thinking, being allowed to think.

As it is the mind that discovers, one must take care of the mind. Even the most useless addicts can take care of their mind if they follow sound advice. “Proper food, proper exercise, proper sleep, proper wakefulness – these are necessary for any success.” This is a saying from Vivekavani. A discovery is the success in science, all the PHD’s and post doctoral stuff from the most prestigious universities, prestige a matter of dominant cultures not knowledge per se. All that is secondary to a discovery and will always be.

Be proper, at the very least do some form of exercise, jog, cycle, do tai chi, do yoga, do some boxing, swim, do combinations, but you need to destress, so you are grateful, I know it sounds silly to be grateful with nothing, or you have been robbed or cheated, but you have your mind to be grateful for and life.

You have to ask proper questions, that requires a healthy mind and it will be strong enough to go against canonized thoughts. Humans are taught to get food to be unoriginal and Fyodor Dostoevsky put this best, to quote, “Lack of originality, everywhere, all over the world, from time immemorial, has always been considered the foremost quality and the recommendation of the active, efficient and practical man.” Society is against discovering, as society believes they always know what they need to know and this usually comes from the establishment, the elites who are benefitting from the status quo.

Building a bridge requiring new techniques because of the new materials will be frowned upon by the profession. They get their food from knowing the old techniques, a new technique and materials is a threat to their energy supply, a threat to their food supply, their incomes. But one who has a clear mind, has forwarded new ways, has tested them can not afford the wrong meaning of being practical, observing the status quo for food, but they must be scientifically practical, practical in terms of knowledge and demonstrate the truth. Anybody can be an engineer, a doctor, economist, machine operator, physicist, it is about how a human being uses their time, that is why the correct knowledge given to one when they are young is important.

To discover you need to know the art of listening, do not have a ready answer, first listen, only by listening can we ask proper questions with some thought. People have known this for a long time. To quote Ernest Hemmingway, “Listen Now. When people talk listen completely. Don’t be thinking what you are going to say. Most people never listen. Nor do they observe.”  Hemmingway must have been frustrated with those drunkards who know everything, and pretend due to alcohol they are some sort of special something.

All these famous scientists have the answer, they believe they don’t have to listen, imagine a theoretical physicist believing they have all the answers with zero experimental proof and are cheered as the greatest minds, a con for food, one will never have an original thought, they have all the answers, way up there in their own minds mostly because of social status not mind power. They will fall mostly in the 99.99% of scientists who never discover anything, their only triumph success being a certificate from some institutions, all they can say is I studied under so and so at this university prestigious or not, if there is no discovery, a chemist from Zambia is equal to a chemist from Harvard. They are learning from the same books, even if one gets paid more, they are doing the same thing at the rubber factory in Liberia, New York, or Shanghai.

Talking about chemistry one understands that, a mind to be original sets up a method that is consistent. That is science. You either reaffirm, or bring the new, but the new should be able to be reaffirmed consistently. Take Theodore William Richards the recipient of the 1914 Nobel prize for chemistry. This what the Nobel website has to say about him, “The result of this labour has been that no less than thirty atomic weights have been redetermined with a degree of accuracy undoubtedly never before attained, and by the employment moreover of methods that, by comparison with those in earlier use, mark a very appreciable advance.

Twenty-one of the atomic weights referred to have been determined by Richards himself or under his immediate guidance, while the determination of the others has been carried out in accordance with his methods by pupils trained under him.”

We owe a lot to a mind that broke the rules and looked for better techniques to understand our universe. His techniques allowed others to see the truth about the universe, no doubt all starting from a personal theory because he listened to the universe and was able to ask the right questions without having the answers before hand, you can not learn anything like that you will just remain in your set ways when it comes to knowledge.

One can be as brilliant as they like according to their teachers, but discovery is not something one sets out to do, it can not be commanded, innovation can be commanded. One asks a question the correct question, the question has not yet had an answer. That is a sure way of being on the path to discovering. The discovery is smelting, how one smelts becomes innovation.

Though discovery and innovation are confused the two are not the same. One can only innovate on something that has been discovered, but the basic discover remains as is. Let us take the chemist Richards, 1914 Nobel Laurette, he discovered a technique, others innovated by applying his technique to be more accurate with other elements. Innovations are incredible mind you, no doubt, but a discovery leads to something completely knew to enter the knowledge base, something new that could be used in the creation of useful commodities.

A monopole is something that was not known, now that it is known, in time as a quantum phenomenon will find its way into quantum-based technology.

A 15 year old playing with electronic components who sees something nobody ever knew, like discovering a new way to use a telescope, has done more for science than an astronomer at Cambridge who kept on regurgitating the old way. An 80 year old who discovers a new chemical reaction that was under our nose the whole time has done more for science than most teachers at Yale.

Eventually a discoveries premise is there should be something here, what is it? That something there that must be there has to be backed by a theory, there is no other way to ask what is missing, and what will this missing thing prove, it proves a theory. Discovery is about going with the flow of the evidence then saying there should be something there, or to be even riskier, to say this must be this and the jigsaw fits better, but you must then prove it.

No one way if you have time and a source of food, remember for a cure you can test every plant extract on this planet, you will find something. I did a theory and went that route but every science is different. You can be finding new principles in a laboratory if one has resources everyday, just put things in different angles and test the results for examples, this is in physics of course. Not all discoveries are a critical point in knowledge, but they take us to a critical point in knowledge, thus if one understands knowledge at the end, a critical point of knowledge has as much value as what could be considered not a critical point of knowledge. Critical points just have to do with how our perceptions of the universe are changed.

Theories and ideas take time to prove. The idea of a black hole comes from Englishman John Michell back in 1784. In 1799 French scholar Pierre – Simon Laplace came to same conclusions as John Michell. Their ideas would be proved to be real when in 2019 the Event Horizon Telescope project managed to create an image from data. Look at the time. Einstein popularized the idea of black holes, but the idea was not his. It takes time sometimes, sometimes it happens in ones life time, best to do the best work you can do whilst alive. Just have a culture that respects knowledge, meaning it accepts change due to evidence.

If you are a scientist be a scientist, most great philosophers, or those considered great, there where many philosophers just as capable I am sure, but they just never rose in fame. Great philosophers will say you are what you think, that thought must be followed with action. Science is not difficult, the basics are difficult,  it requires patience at the end when it comes to discovering you either do or you don’t but both make humans aware of the universe. As long as one knows 28 plus 11 is equal to 39, and that wood floats, that mind can do science, could have done discovering. Don’t talk about money, that is not a super excuse, save and do science, buy test tubes and start. Rent an instrument.

Bhekuzulu Khumalo

 

 

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Why Bhekuzulu Khumalo and Science?

 As you have guessed my name is Bhekuzulu Khumalo, and you are probably asking yourself why this guy is talking about science. As you will find out, science is more than just discovering, there is a lot of politics that heavily includes nationalism involved in science, science is done by human beings and because people accept this is a field that requires some thought nationalism can run rampant more than in any other discipline. Perhaps this does not fit in with why should I even bother about a podcast on science, given the propaganda about people like myself from the so called elites of the free world, the real rulers of the continued desire for colonial type lies and desire to control all humanity by telling lies about their unique abilities because they can not exist with other human beings, they want to dominate other human beings and have no understanding or desire for the concepts of liberty, freedom, truth and justice. 

What is heat, why is something hot or not hot. How does the sun heat up things? Stand in the shade it is cool, get out of the shade into the sunlight it is warmer or hotter depending on how one uses the English language. But there is a clear degree of changes from one standing in the shade and one standing outside the shade. It is that simple, heat is photons. Only photons have the quality of heat. Temperature is just about how many photons there are in a given area. No need to go into the technicalities about different heat qualities of different waves, but even a cave man knows you go out of the shade it is hotter. Yes, I explained that simple concept that cavemen understood. Looks simple now, but I had to do a little thinking and research.

Yes, I remember, there was so much information we understood, information we understand becomes knowledge. Many sound work around the photon before my arrival on the scene, but whatever, a cavemen knew light creates heat, even when he lit a fire, it is photons not to be too technical. No, the rest is just politics, how can a Khumalo show us reality, we have our publications in the mainstream media that says a black male has the lowest IQ, what can one do, no, they know it is photons, no other particle has the quality of heat, us feeling hot is only a quality we get from photons. An electron, neutrino, quark, magnetism, khumalons, gravitons, these can never give you the quality of feeling hot, only a photon.

Heat is not unique phenomenon, if it was it would be it’s own particle, instead it is just the amount of photons. Heat is a property of the electro magnetic force, in particular photons.

In December 2011 there was an article in Popular magazine of a photo of a photograph of single photons moving.  The experiment seemingly has never been repeated, but one can look it up on youtube, the video is called “Visualizing video at the speed of light — one trillion frames per second” the experiment was done by some MIT guys. It is significant. Okay I will mention their names as if they will ever do such a courtesy, the experiment was done by Andreas Velten and Ramesh Raskar.

What does it mean to take a photo of a photon? It is a massive deal. See when we take a photo, we are capturing photons that are being reflected into the camera lens. These photons are travelling directly into the lens of the camera. Essentially all photos are photos of photons. However, to take a photo of a photon that is not being directed at the camera lens, something special has occurred. It means the photon, to allow us to take a photo is creating itself constantly, otherwise the feat is impossible. Or it is only creating itself because of human interaction, who knows, there is still so much to learn for the Thomas Youngs double slit experiment.

Open your mind. To take a photo of a photon not only means it is replicating itself somehow, but if we could somehow control its direction, make it go in a loop, or make it stationary, replace the camera lens with solar panels, we will have endless energy, can the experiments be repeated, but seeing as we already have evidence, a video, can we not somehow not try and contain photons in an electron field or magnetic field, it goes around in circle and instead of a camera lens we have solar panels. If that video is true and those MIT scientists did that, that is limitless energy.

Now, everything is in a relationship, from the smallest of things, basic particles, or fundamental particles to the largest pieces of information in the universe galaxies, in fact the universe itself is just an independent package of information with many galaxies, stars and planets. All relationships have a cost, that cost is energy.

When one says everything is in a relationship, where did the idea come from. It came from rejecting a philosophy of Einstein when he was confused by the double slit experiment. To get to everything is in a relationship I had to start by looking at knowledge as a commodity and applying scientific principles to the question what is knowledge? To cut a long story short, knowledge is information we know. Now these are problems of languages. I was about to invent a knew word for it because people would take their idea of information and make big arguments for the sake of opposing not thinking, not understanding the question what is knowledge?

After extensive searching about what people think information is I came across the definition that suited what I had found out about knowledge. This understanding of information came originally from a physicist named Wheeler. Everything is information, that falls in line with what knowledge is, information we know. There was then no need to invent a new word. All information has the same characteristics as knowledge, all information is discrete, is independent, is consistent, can be used to compute, and can tell the time.

I thought I would find the idea of information in philosophy from some philosopher, after extensive search I found it from one who does quantum physics. Pretty shocking, he shamed all those philosophers. Knowledge has the same qualities as information because you can only ever know information. It is information because if you look into it, study it it will reveal itself to you. Science is about asking the right questions, understanding what you are asking, as Socrates said, understanding the question is half the answer

Then one realizes all information is made up of the same stuff, basic particles. For these basic particles to form atoms and elements they must come into a relationship. Cutting a long story short, one realizes everything is in a relationship and all relationships result in a loss of freedom There is a loss of freedom because of the energy required to maintain that relationship, there is a cost to a relationship. Einstein never understood this that is why he asked the question if a mouse looks at the moon does it change the universe, yes it does, because the mouse and the moon will be in a different relationship than if the mouse did not look at the moon. 

Everything is part of this universe. Physically speaking when the mouse looks at the moon, it has an active relationship with the moon as a living thing. Photons enter its eyes. Yes that mouse has changed the universe, because if that mouse did not look at the moon, the photons would end up somewhere else, it is that simple, it was too difficult for Einstein to understand, why? because he did not have enough information. When photons are absorbed somewhere else, the universe has been affected, be it a moving ant a mouse or a human.

Believe it or not, where one throws away their litter, say a chocolate wrapping, that changes the universe, merely because that wrapper will have a different relationship with its environment that it litters, and its environment is part of the universe, it doesn’t have to be living. 

John Archibald Wheeler should be considered one of the greatest physicists and minds of the 20^th century for understanding that everything is information and given awards posthumously, he did more for our understanding of the universe than many who have been given awards for physics. If it was not for Wheeler’s ideas I would have given up because there would be nowhere to find that correct definition of information whose properties align with the scientific analysis of knowledge I made, I would have thought I am just crazy and imagining things. But there was a mind whose definition of information aligned itself with knowledge, and because of that we know everything is in a relationship, and all relationships lead to a loss of freedom because of the energy costs involved.

All information is in a relationship and what we have thus far understood it is all made up of the same basic particles. All information packages have the same basic characteristics:

1.       All information is discrete

2.       All information can be isolated. Because it can be isolated that is how we know things and categorize them in the way that is suitable to us. We know that is a tree, a female, a lion, a star, a particle, an electron, a photon, and such.

3.       All information is consistent,

4.       Information packages are independent.

5.       All information packages are random

6.       All information packages can be used to tally, to do arithmetic’s, to compute. You can use an abacus, a tally system, cows, stars, humans, tin cans, or electrons and photons to aide in this.

7.       All information packages can tell the time.

8.       All information packages can be used to measure, how long is something. Half a giraffe, 10 cm, a Planck length, ones foot or hand.

As all information packages have the same basic characteristics and are made up of the same stuff, magnetism must also be discrete, can be isolated, consistent, independent, random, can be used to tally, can be used to tell the time.

To prove this, I had to set up an experiment to determine the nature of magnetism, that coming out of a lodestone, or from a magnet one can purchase at the market. After intensive and exhaustive experimentation, experiments that can be repeated by anybody on this planet.

Magnetism organizes into a wave formation; one can actually see it organize from the data. This was incredible to witness at first. The fact that it organizes into a wave proves two crucial factors about our existence and the nature of this universe. I am saying this universe because I am reluctantly accepting there might be more than one universe because of the randomness of things. But they will not be parallel universes, things and laws of existence will be different. 

These two crucial facts being firstly for magnetism to organize into a wave every time no matter how one interferes with it means it is discrete. Thus, magnetism is just like all other quantum phenomena it is both a wave and a particle, the particle being the quality of being discrete.

The second crucial thing for all the world to see, is that if it organizes into a wave no matter how much one interferes, it must do this as it is the most efficient way to travel, it must be travelling through something, the first real evidence that there is something finer, something more fundamental than basic particles. Earlier scientists speculated about it, and it is true, the ether. Salute to those who just speculated correctly without any experimental proof, great minds indeed.

The evidence out there points that all particles are made up of the same stuff. My first insight was from understanding a little about neutrinos. Interaction of 2 protons can lead to the creation of neutrinos. This means that neutrinos are made up of the same stuff as protons, or should one better state neutrinos are made up of the stuff that makes up protons, quarks. Perhaps not enough evidence. But one can relationships between electrons and protons creating neutrinos. Thus not only are protons made up of the same stuff as quarks, but also electrons. 

Particles that have been categorized or classified depending on the wording one prefers as W bosons that can be both negatively or positively charged decay into other types of particles namely electrons and muons, meaning they are made up of exactly the same stuff.

Magnetism comes from charged particles, charged particles release the quality of what we have categorized as magnetism. That means that magnetism is made up of the same stuff as charged particles, electrons and protons.

I can safely conclude after seeing the behaviour of magnetism that this same stuff is called the ether, everything is made up of this stuff called ether thus it makes us up. Particles are just different relationships the ether is having. I believe that, too much evidence. The only thing that differentiates particles is how much of this ether they have, the mass so to say. The only difference between an electron, a photon, a quark, a neutrino is how much of this ether the particle is made up of.

Anyhow, that is why Bhekuzulu Khumalo, myself can talk about science. The particle of magnetism I named the khumalon after my ancestors, I did discover it and prove its existence because of trying to understand knowledge as a commodity in a scientific mind set. Why should I name it after some other people as if they would name things they discover after my ancestors, humans can be so arrogant?

The experiments I did in quantum physics show that knowledge economics has treated knowledge without any cultural bias, but just as a commodity in scientific principles.

What is knowledge, it is information we know and has the same characteristics as information because we can only ever know information. It is discrete, can be isolated, consistent, independent, random, can be used to tally, and can tell the time. All information is in a relationship even if it is about maintaining itself as that kind of classified information.

When we go to space do we want to destroy other planets, cause environmental disasters like we have done on this planet. Conventional thought of us going to space is that we must mine those planets to get things like oxygen, hydrogen, gold. Thus we mine the moon for oxygen, settlements on mars will need us to mine and extract fuels from Martian rocks. But why? In a white paper I wrote for NASA I pointed out the fact that cosmic rays have all the resources we need and by mere experimentation can provide all the resources we need for existing in space, especially hydrogen and oxygen.

Magnetism controls the direction of this cosmic rays, they are mostly ionized particles, we merely direct them and add electrons to where at our place of our choosing and we get hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen straight from cosmic rays, in the long run much cheaper than mining other planets, and much more environmentally friendly, don’t we ever learn. Cosmic rays offer far more resources than any planet will offer via mining.

There is a real possibility of a nuclear war, it is justified, with human robbing and bullying each other like this. And because of my location I might very well cease to exist, so in part this podcast series is being done as possible last words, well if there is no nuclear war of justice, we shall find other things to do. But if it does occur, if you like the work even if I am gone, just be honest and say where you got the idea. Its for people who enjoy science. It’s just life, everybody wishes to live, and develop themselves to the best they can, but given the situation, anyhow, just enjoy the knowledge I have if you do, our time could have justifiably run out. My ancestors come from what was known as impangezitha, those who accept reality. If I don’t finish and there is a nuclear war, at least you enjoyed, I hope.  We will likely not survive, but those that survive, just remember the golden rule, do not con your mind and believe that people who bring down interviews and replace them with their group are somehow the good guys, they never where, pure evil. I believe our works are in a safe depository, even a justifiable nuclear showdown will not affect them, be nice those that survive. You might enjoy episode 6 if we are still around. 

Thanks, Bhekuzulu Khumalo.

 

If you like what you read, be generous if you can it will be appreciated